Hyperpigmentation, a skin condition characterized by patches of darker skin than the surrounding area, occurs when certain regions of the skin produce excessive melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. Excessive sun exposure is a common cause of hyperpigmentation. The ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can stimulate melanin production, leading to dark spots.
Hormonal fluctuations, such as those that occur during pregnancy or menopause, can also trigger hyperpigmentation. Skin injuries, acne, or other inflammatory conditions can cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Genetics can play a role in determining whether someone is predisposed to hyperpigmentation. Additionally, certain skin care products can have side effects that contribute to this condition.
